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#  DATASET_NAME: illinois.txt	
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#  REPORT TITLE: 
#     Estimated Withdrawals from Stream-Valley Aquifers and Refined 
#     Estimated Withdrawals from Selected Aquifers in the United 
#     States, 2000
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#  REPORT SERIES/NUMBER: Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5003 
#  REPORT URL: URL: http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/usgspubs/sir/sir20085003
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#  NAWQA STUDY:	Alluvial Aquifers
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#  METADATA DATE:   August 28, 2008 
#  METADATA CONTACT: Pierre Sargent, Molly Maupin, Stephen Hinkl
#                    U.S. Geological Survey
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#                    voice: 225-298-5481 x 3211
#                    fax:   225-298-5490
#                    email: psargent@usgs.gov
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#  SECONDARY CONTACT:  Molly Maupin
#                      U.S. Geological Survey
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#                      Boise, ID 83702
#
#                    	voice: 208-387-1307
#                    	fax:   208-387-1372
#                    	email: mamaupin@usgs.gov
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#  TERTIARY CONTACT:   Stephen Hinkle
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#	
#                      voice: 503-251-3237
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#                      email: srhinkle@usgs.gov
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#  ABSTRACT:  
#     The report authors maintained notes detailing the process that 
#     was used to do the analysis for this report. The pertinent 
#     notes were included in the appendix of the report. 
#     Some details that did not warrant publication reside 
#     in these notes. These notes are being archived in the 
#     event that they might be of use to future water-use 
#     efforts aimed at stream-valley aquifers.
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#     arizona.txt
#     arkansas.txt
#     colorado.txt
#     illinois.txt
#     indiana.txt
#     kansas.txt
#     kentucky.txt
#     louisiana.txt
#     missouri.txt
#     montana.txt
#     nebraska.txt
#     new_mexico.txt
#     new_york.txt
#     new_jersey.txt
#     north_dakota.txt
#     ohio.txt
#     oklahoma.txt
#     pennsylvania.txt
#     puerto_rico.txt
#     south_dakota.txt
#     tennessee.txt
#     texas.txt
#     utah.txt
#     west_virginia.txt
#     wyoming.txt
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#  METADATA Basic documentation of dataset elements:
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#         Text files describing the analysis process, one text file 
#         for each state
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#     DATA SOURCES: notes taken during data analysis and from correspondance
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ILLINOIS DOCUMENTATION AND NOTES 
Last edit: Friday, Monday October 17, 2005

      The Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) has had a comprehensive program to inventory water use throughout the state since 1978.  The Illinois Water Inventory Program (IWIP) database of water-using facilities includes locations and amounts of water withdrawn from surface- and ground-water sources, facility type, standard industrial classification (SIC) codes, hydraulic unit codes (HUC), and aquifer code. Location information is stored by principal meridian, township, and range.  For this investigation, the ISWS provided 2000 public supply and self-supplied industrial withdrawal data from the principal sand and gravel aquifers. Irrigation data was obtained from the USGS 2000 water use compilation. 
      
      In 2000 total water ground-water withdrawals in Illinois was approximately 813 Mgal/d. Ground-water withdrawals in the categories of public supply, self-supplied industrial, and irrigation are 78 % of total ground-water withdrawals (634 Mgal/d).   Ground-water withdrawals are not recorded for two categories: the Mississippi River alluvial aquifer and the generic alluvial aquifers.  Estimates of glacial sand and gravel withdrawals in Illinois for 2000 were 413 Mgal/d, which was 65% of total ground-water withdrawals from the three categories. The greatest amount of glacial sand and gravel withdrawals was from public supply (181 Mgal/d); followed by irrigation (140 Mgal/d) and then self-supplied industrial (91.9 Mgal/d). Total withdrawals from the Other aquifer were 10.9 Mgal/d. The Other aquifer category contained withdrawals for which no aquifer information was available (oral communication, Patrick C. Mills, USGS, Illinois WSC, August 4, 2005).
      
      Most of the land in Illinois lies north of the line of continental glaciation and therefore only 16 out of 102 counties were of interest for this study.  The areal extent of the principal sand and gravel aquifers in Illinois (An Analysis of Groundwater Use to Aquifer Potential Yield in Illinois, by H. Allen Wehrmann, Sean V. Sinclair, and Timothy P. Bryant, Illinois State Water Survey, 2003) coincides with the areal extent of glacial deposits and of stream-valley alluvium as shown on figure 4, chapter K, of the Ground Water Atlas.  Withdrawals from this aquifer unit, where it is south of the line of glaciation, are assumed to represent stream-valley aquifer withdrawals.  Public supply and self-supplied industrial withdrawal information was provided by township-range block that provides greater detail than county-level data, but not as much detail as latitude-longitude information. There are 139 township-range blocks south of the line of glaciation. Blocks containing sand and gravel aquifers buried beneath finer grained material were identified and dropped from this analysis. In addition, blocks within the extent of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer were not used in this analysis.
      
      The Ohio stream-valley aquifer had the greatest public supply withdrawal (3.05 Mgal/d); followed by the Upper Mississippi stream-valley aquifer (0.78 Mgal/d) and a small amount attributed to the Wabash stream-valley aquifer (0.43 Mgal/d). In this rural area of predominantly agricultural land use close to the Mississippi, Ohio, and Wabash Rivers, no self-supplied industrial withdrawals were found.
       
      Ground-water irrigation withdrawals by county for 2000 were obtained from the USGS AWUDS database. Data from seven counties whose total land area is south of the line of glaciation were used for the irrigation withdrawal analysis. The counties are: Alexander, Johnson, Massac, Pope, Pulaski, Union, and Hardin. All of the counties in the list had 2000 irrigation withdrawals. Withdrawal data from Pulaski County was not used because pumpage from sand and gravel aquifers buried beneath finer grained material could not be differentiated from Mississippi or Ohio stream-valley aquifer pumpage.  Alexander County is within the extent of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and also was dropped from this analysis. In order to allocate pumpage, the withdrawal information was combined with irrigation well inventory data.  In Massac and Union counties, the well inventory data showed that 100 % of the wells were screened in stream-valley aquifer deposits. Well inventory data was not available for the other three counties. 
      
      Overall 92 % of irrigation wells in Illinois are screened in sand and gravel deposits (Bowman and Collins, 1987). For wells north of the line of continental glaciation, the sand and gravel deposits are believed to compose the glacial sand and gravel aquifer. For wells south of the line of continental glaciation sand and gravel may be characterized as either stream-valley aquifer deposits or buried valley deposits. As previously mentioned, counties with buried valley deposits have already been dropped from the analysis. In the remaining three counties, because they are south of the line of glaciation and do not contain outwash deposits, we assume that 92% of the irrigation wells are screened in stream-valley aquifer material. Thus the county total irrigation ground-water withdrawal value, reduced by 8%, was used as an estimate of stream-valley water use.  Given the location of these counties, adjacent to either the Mississippi or Ohio Rivers, the stream-valley aquifer withdrawal value is believed to provide a conservative estimate.  Irrigation withdrawals totaled 2.88 Mgal/d and were split between the Ohio stream-valley aquifer (2.47Mgal/d) and the Upper Mississippi stream-valley aquifer (0.41 Mgal/d).
      













      
      Notes: 

-- Citation Required:
      
Publication: Please cite the Illinois State Water Survey's PICS (Public-Industrial-Commercial Survey) Database in all publications based wholly or partially on this information.
 
Note: The data in the PICS Database is a listing of municipal and commercial wells which are known to the Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS).  This information was initially entered from public water supply data and supplemented with the Illinois Water Inventory Project data.  This database is updated as additional information is received and verified.
 
This data cannot be resold or redistributed.  The Illinois State Water Survey must be acknowledged in any use of this material.

-- References: 

An Analysis of Groundwater Use to Aquifer Potential Yield in Illinois, by H. Allen Wehrmann, Sean V. Sinclair, and Timothy P. Bryant; Illinois State Water Survey, 2003

Impacts of Irrigation and Drought on Illinois Ground-Water Resources, by Jean A. Bowman and Mark A. Collins; Illinois State Water Survey, 1987
 
      
